Worst foods for Crohn’s disease
Certain foods can exacerbate symptoms of Crohn’s disease by irritating the digestive system, leading to flare-ups. Common culprits include spicy foods, which can inflame the gut, and high-fat fried foods, which are difficult to digest and can cause bloating and discomfort. Dairy products may cause issues for those who are lactose intolerant, leading to gas and diarrhea. Additionally, high-fiber foods like raw vegetables and whole grains can be hard on the gut, while caffeinated beverages and alcohol can stimulate the intestines and worsen symptoms.More from NIH: Crohn’s
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Nuts & Seeds (e.g., Almonds, Sunflower Seeds, Chia Seeds)
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Nuts and seeds are high in fiber and can be difficult to digest, leading to irritation and potential blockages in individuals with Crohn’s disease. Small, hard particles from seeds may contribute to inflammation or get trapped in narrowed sections of the intestines, especially in cases of strictures. Smooth nut butters may be a better option.
2
Whole Grains (e.g., Brown Rice, Whole Wheat Bread, Quinoa)
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While whole grains are high in fiber and beneficial for general health, they can be harsh on inflamed intestines. The rough texture of whole grains can worsen diarrhea and bloating, making them difficult for Crohn’s patients to tolerate. White rice, white bread, and other refined grains are often easier on the gut.
3
Red Meat (e.g., Beef, Pork, Lamb, Sausages)
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High-fat meats can be difficult to digest and may contribute to increased inflammation in the gut. Processed red meats like sausages and bacon contain preservatives and additives that can worsen symptoms. Leaner protein sources, like skinless poultry or fish, are often better tolerated.
4
Carbonated Beverages (e.g., Soda, Sparkling Water, Club Soda)
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The bubbles in carbonated drinks introduce extra gas into the digestive system, which can lead to bloating, discomfort, and cramping. Many sodas also contain caffeine and high sugar levels, both of which can aggravate Crohn’s symptoms. Even sugar-free carbonated beverages may contain artificial sweeteners that trigger flare-ups.
5
Alcohol (e.g., Beer, Wine, Hard Liquor)
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Alcohol can be highly irritating to the digestive tract, increasing inflammation and triggering symptoms like diarrhea, dehydration, and nausea. Beer and wine also contain fermentable sugars that can worsen bloating and gas. Additionally, alcohol may interfere with medications commonly prescribed for Crohn’s.
6
Caffeinated Drinks (e.g., Coffee, Energy Drinks, Black Tea)
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Caffeine stimulates the digestive system, increasing gut motility and potentially leading to diarrhea and urgency. It can also contribute to dehydration, which is a concern for those who already experience frequent bowel movements. Many energy drinks also contain artificial additives that can exacerbate symptoms.
7
Artificial Sweeteners (e.g., Aspartame, Sucralose, Sorbitol in Diet Sodas and Sugar-Free Products)
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Sugar substitutes like aspartame and sorbitol are poorly absorbed by the intestines and can cause bloating, gas, and diarrhea. Many sugar-free gums, candies, and diet sodas contain these ingredients, which can act as laxatives and exacerbate digestive distress. Stevia or natural sweeteners may be gentler alternatives.
8
Raw Vegetables (e.g., Broccoli, Cabbage, Carrots, Bell Peppers)
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While vegetables are typically healthy, raw varieties contain insoluble fiber, which can be hard to digest and may trigger bloating, cramping, and diarrhea. Cooking vegetables by steaming or roasting can make them easier on the digestive tract. Leafy greens, in particular, can be problematic due to their fibrous nature.
9
Beans & Legumes (e.g., Lentils, Black Beans, Chickpeas, Peas)
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Beans and legumes are high in fiber and fermentable carbohydrates, making them difficult to digest and likely to cause gas, bloating, and discomfort. Their tough skins and complex sugars can exacerbate inflammation in Crohn’s patients. If tolerated, they should be consumed in small amounts and well-cooked.
10
Popcorn & Corn Products (e.g., Movie Theater Popcorn, Corn on the Cob, Tortilla Chips)
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Corn is difficult to digest and contains insoluble fiber, which can irritate the intestines and worsen diarrhea. Popcorn, in particular, can be harsh on an inflamed digestive system due to its rough texture. Processed corn products like tortilla chips often contain added fats and preservatives that can further aggravate symptoms.
11
Fried Foods (e.g., French Fries, Fried Chicken, Onion Rings)
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High-fat foods can be difficult to digest and may worsen inflammation, leading to diarrhea, cramping, and bloating. The frying process also adds unhealthy trans fats, which can contribute to gut irritation and increase the risk of flare-ups. Many fried foods are also heavily seasoned, which can further aggravate symptoms.
12
Milk & Soft Cheeses (e.g., Whole Milk, Brie, Cream Cheese)
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Many Crohn’s patients are lactose intolerant, meaning dairy products can lead to bloating, diarrhea, and stomach pain. Soft cheeses and whole milk contain high amounts of lactose and fat, both of which can trigger gut discomfort. Hard cheeses and lactose-free dairy alternatives may be better tolerated.
13
Spicy Foods (e.g., Hot Peppers, Spicy Curries, Chili Powder)
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Spices like chili peppers and curry can irritate the digestive lining, worsening symptoms like diarrhea and abdominal pain. Capsaicin, the compound that makes peppers spicy, can increase gut motility, leading to more frequent bowel movements. Spicy foods can also contribute to acid reflux, which may exacerbate discomfort.
14
High-Sugar Foods (e.g., Candy, Pastries, Ice Cream, Sugary Cereals)
Total Votes: 92Excess sugar can disrupt gut bacteria balance, contributing to inflammation and worsening symptoms like diarrhea and bloating. Many high-sugar foods also contain artificial additives and unhealthy fats that can be hard on the digestive system. Blood sugar spikes from these foods may also contribute to fatigue and energy crashes.
15
Processed Foods (e.g., Chips, Instant Noodles, Frozen Meals, Fast Food)
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Highly processed foods often contain preservatives, artificial flavors, and unhealthy fats, all of which can worsen Crohn’s symptoms. They are typically low in fiber and high in sodium, which may contribute to dehydration and gut irritation. Homemade meals with whole, simple ingredients are often a better option.