Conditions Low FODMAP

FODMAPs and intestinal absorption

Some FODMAPs, such as fructose, are readily absorbed in the small intestine of humans via GLUT receptors. Absorption thus depends on the appropriate expression and delivery of these receptors in the intestine. Improper absorption of these FODMAPS in the small intestine leaves them available for absorption by gut flora. The resultant metabolism by the gut flora leads to production of gas and potentially results in bloating and flatulence.

The physiological basis for the genesis of many functional gut symptoms is luminal distension. Luminal distension not only induces the symptoms of pain, the sensation of bloating and visible abdominal distension, but may also lead to secondary motility changes. Thus, minimizing the consumption of dietary factors that can distend the intestine would theoretically lead to improvement in global symptoms.

Dietary components that lead to luminal distension are poorly absorbed in the proximal small intestine, will be small molecules (i.e. osmotically active), will be rapidly fermented by bacteria (with the potential to be fermented by small intestinal as well as cecal bacteria and to expand the bacterial population), and will be associated with hydrogen rather than methane production.

Nevertheless, although FODMAPs can cause certain digestive discomfort in some people, not only do they not cause intestinal inflammation, but they help to prevent it because they produce beneficial alterations in the intestinal flora that contribute to maintain the good health of the colon. FODMAPs are not the cause of irritable bowel syndrome nor other functional gastrointestinal disorders, but rather a person develops symptoms when the underlying bowel response is exaggerated or abnormal.

Fructose malabsorption and lactose intolerance may produce IBS symptoms through the same mechanism but, unlike with other FODMAPs, poor absorption of fructose is found in only a minority. Lactose intolerance is found in a majority of adults with the exception of certain geographic populations, notably those of European descent. Many who benefit from a low FODMAP diet need not restrict fructose or lactose. It is possible to identify these two conditions with hydrogen and methane breath testing and thus eliminate the necessity for dietary compliance if possible.

See more at https://candor.health

Source: National Institutes of Health

Related Posts

does low fodmap work for ibs

Does low FODMAP diet work for IBS?

Short answer – it depends, based on each individual’s reaction to various food combinations. Long answer – there is considerable interest in answering the question – does low…

how food moves through the digestive system

How food moves through the digestive system

The gastrointestinal tract, also known as the digestive tract or alimentary canal, is a long, continuous tube that extends from the mouth to the anus. It plays a…

crohns-foods-to-avoid

Crohn’s disease – foods to avoid

Managing Crohn’s disease involves following a carefully tailored Crohn’s diet and working with a qualified Crohn’s dietician. Crohn’s disease causes inflammation in the digestive tract, affecting the gastrointestinal…

gut-bacteria-types

Gut bacteria – do you know the different types?

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract harbors a diverse array of gut bacteria and assorted microorganisms, totaling in the trillions. These microscopic inhabitants fulfill crucial functions in upholding our well-being….

fructose intolerance

Fructose intolerance – diet guide and overview

Fructose, a natural sugar present in fruits, select vegetables, and honey, can pose challenges for certain individuals who struggle to absorb it effectively. This condition, known as fructose…

fructose malabsorption

Fructose malabsorption – avoid these foods

Fructose, a naturally occurring sugar present in fruits, fruit juices, certain vegetables, and honey, also forms a key component of table sugar (sucrose) and high-fructose corn syrup, commonly…